El País offers tips to make life in cramped micro-apartments more bearable

With housing scarce and expensive, micro-apartments are becoming an increasingly common option. The key to making them liveable lies in maximising every square metre with smart design and furniture solutions.

Today's property market, with prices close to record highs, is pushing many people to consider micro-apartments as the only way to access housing. The financial difference can be substantial, but the trade-off is a reduced living space, sometimes reduced to the bare minimum. However, design and architecture offer tools to make these small homes functional and welcoming, making use of every corner.

## The challenge of limited square metres

In Spain, the 2021 Census and Housing survey by the INE (Spain's national statistics institute) reveals a stark reality: nearly 170,000 residential properties are smaller than 30 square metres, and more than a million fall between 30 and 45 square metres. This situation has spurred the creativity of architects and designers to optimise these spaces. Solutions such as luggage storage in false ceilings or fold-out beds integrated into raised steps are examples of how functionality can be gained without sacrificing aesthetics. The idea is to squeeze every centimetre, transforming what could be wasted space into a practical solution.

The price per square metre in these small homes is usually significantly higher than in larger ones. In San Sebastián, for example, the average price per square metre is around 5,154 euros, according to data from Tinsa by Accumin for the second quarter of 2023. It is trinc by Madrid at 4,683 euros and Barcelona at 4,463 euros. This trend means that optimising space is not just a matter of comfort, but also of value for money.

## Design and functionality: strength in unity

The integration of spaces is one of the most effective strategies. A couple of decades ago, the open kitchen was a milestone as it merged with the living room, breaking down physical and visual barriers. Today, the trend has consolidated into open-plan "loft" or "open concept" spaces, where the absence of partitions maximises the feeling of spaciousness. Raised or folding beds that allow a living room to be transformed into a bedroom at night are another popular solution.

However, removing walls or columns can have structural implications. It is essential to have an architect's supervision to guarantee the safety and stability of the home, as these renovations can compromise the original structure. A qualified professional is indispensable to assess and carry out this type of work.

## Smart furniture for small spaces

The most complex renovations are not always the ones that deliver the best results. Prior planning is key, focusing on adapting the use of space and reducing visual barriers. In the bathroom, replacing a bathtub with a walk-in shower at floor level can add useful metres and improve visual continuity. Smart toilets eliminate the need for a bidet without giving up hygiene, and wall-hung auxiliary furniture frees up the floor, adding lightness and order.

In the kitchen, modules that reach up to the ceiling and pull-out systems turn small nooks into efficient storage and work spaces. For the living-dining room, modular furniture is the ideal solution. Sofas, poufs or benches with storage compartments optimise space, and folding tables allow you to clear the view when not in use. In the bedroom, storage beds and tall wardrobes are essential to reduce the need for additional furniture.

The choice of furniture should be based on the activities that will take place in the home. Modularity, versatility and flexibility are the pillars. Modular furniture allows storage solutions to be adapted to changing needs, adding or removing pieces as required. Versatility is reflected in furniture that can adapt in shape and position, while flexibility allows a single room to serve multiple purposes, such as folding tables that turn into drawer units or stackable beds that convert into sofas.

Privacy in small spaces can be a challenge, but there are solutions such as room dividers, Japanese panels or double-sided shelving that divide spaces without blocking light. Indirect lighting and LED spots also help to enlarge the perception of space. Light colours, reflective surfaces and glossy finishes are allies in creating a sense of greater spaciousness.