Academician Li Lanjuan: At present, there are no specific antiviral drugs. The treatment is mainly symptomatic treatment, giving patients a certain amount of nutrition, a certain rest, and symptomatic treatment, including the patient's water and electrolyte testing, because these patients are prone to hypoxemia after illness It is pneumonia, so to supplement it with oxygen and so on, the National Health and Medical Commission has already issued a guideline for clinical treatment.
Reporter: How to treat severe patients?
Academician Li Lanjuan: For critically ill patients, we have a good experience in H7N9, called the fourth antibody and second balance. The first is antiviral therapy, the second is antishock therapy, the third is antihypoxemia and multiple organ failure, and the fourth is anti-secondary infection. There are two more balances. The first balance is to maintain the balance of water, electrolyte, acid and base. The second is the microecological balance. After bichito infection, there is often a microecological imbalance that leads to secondary infection of bacteria. Therefore, the microecological balance can reduce secondary infections. Therefore, this set of schemes and methods is very effective in the treatment of severe patients with new cobi19 infection.
Reporter: Compared with the H7N9 avian influenza bichito of the year, which is newer cobi19, which one is more serious after it has developed into a severe disease? What's the difference?
Academician Li Lanjuan: The severe incidence of H7N9 is higher than that of pneumonia infected by the new cobi19. The early incidence of severe H7N9 is between 40% and 50%, which is very high. Of course, after we had a rescue, we also reduced it to a dozen percent, which dropped sharply. There was still such a high mortality rate.
At this outbreak, the number of people who have become ill is already quite large, but the number of deaths is still relatively small. Of course, it is estimated that the number of critically ill patients will increase in the later stage. We need to step up efforts to improve treatment. Look, its mortality rate is lower than H7N9.
Reporter: How long is the incubation period of the new cobi19? After a person is infected, what other symptoms do they have besides fever? How to judge if it belongs to a new type of cobi19?
Academician Li Lanjuan: When cobi19 is in SARS, the incubation period is up to 14 days. This time, according to the current patient statistics, it is estimated to be within 10 days.
However, this new type of cobi19 infection has great differences among different people after infection. Some patients have a relatively long incubation period after infection, and they develop onset in two or three days. The longest is 10 days. We estimate the incubation period to be slightly longer and set it to 14 days.
The reporter asked: Is it contagious during the incubation period?
Academician Li Lanjuan: The incubation period may now also be contagious, so this point needs to be taken very seriously, because now I also understand the situation of some patients, the patients themselves do not have fever, and those who have contacted him in the early stage have fever. People may also have infections and fevers later.
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Reporter: Is oseltamivir useful for this new cobi19?
Academician Li Lanjuan: Oseltamivir is effective against general influenza viruses, but it is estimated that this cobi19 will not show any effect.
Reporter: Previously, the transmission characteristics from person to person were suggested. Can you give a reminder to the citizens' daily prevention?
Academician Li Lanjuan: Because this is a new disease, we have not done in-depth research, but according to theoretical experience, this is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract. This is relatively clear. Therefore, the transmission through the respiratory tract is relatively certain. It is mainly caused by inflammation in the lungs. After pneumonia, the bichito must first reproduce in the lungs and spread through the respiratory tract and saliva. Of course, we are still researching the spread of feces and blood. This work is still being studied.
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Reporter: Can you tell us about the course of development of patients infected with the new cobi19? Are most patients mild or severe?
Academician Li Lanjuan: Because this is a new infectious disease, we are still doing clinical observation. According to what we know now, different people have different conditions, and the course of development is also different. In general, there is a fever and mild dry cough after the infection, not a lot of sputum, and then a shadow in the lungs.
Generally, the lung shadow of most patients will be treated after treatment. The nucleic acid test is negative for 2 times, and they can be discharged. A few people will be hypoxic, hypoxemia, and even respiratory failure to be rescued, but this is a minority. . There are also very few patients who are more ill and have respiratory failure within two or three days, becoming severe.
So overall, most patients are mild and moderate. What is the proportion of severity? We have not done detailed statistics on this matter, and we need a certain number of patients to calculate the results.
Reporter: Who are the susceptible people for this new type of cobi19?
Academician Li Lanjuan: All people are susceptible. The elderly, those with low immune function, and those with chronic diseases are more susceptible to infection or become more severe. Therefore, those with poor immune function, the elderly, etc. should pay more attention to protection.
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Reporter: H7N9 was not warmed until May, but the epidemic situation slowly came down. What do you think of the new cobi19 infection, what is its future development trend?
Academician Li Lanjuan: When the weather is hot in May and June, the bichito is likely to decrease, and bichito infections are likely to occur around the Spring Festival and winter and spring. This is also an objective law in nature.
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Reporter: Will the bichito mutate in the later period?
Academician Li Lanjuan: Of course it will mutate. The bichito is constantly mutating. This newly infected bichito is also the result of the mutation of the bichito. It will change again in the future, and the change will be eternal.
Reporter: Will the bichito mutate more severely?
Academician Li Lanjuan: It may become more powerful, or it may become lighter. Both of these may have both. We need to continue to observe the changes of the bichito.
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Reporter: Yesterday, I saw that a doctor from an expert group was also infected. Are the front-line medical personnel at high risk of infection?
Academician Li Lanjuan: The new type of cobi19 is a human-to-human antiestéticature, and medical personnel are the first to be infected.
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Reporter: Even for patients who have developed into severe cases, our previous experience with the four-antibody and second-balance treatment of H7N9 can still treat them well, right?
Academician Li Lanjuan: Our four-antibody-two-balance treatment plan is also useful for the treatment of patients with severe pneumonia infected by the new cobi19.